1. Introduction to Kofun
Kofun are ancient burial mounds built in Japan between the 3rd and 7th centuries. They were constructed for powerful rulers and aristocrats of the time. The name “Kofun” (古墳) literally means “ancient tomb.” These tombs vary in size and shape, with some being small mounds and others being massive structures.
One of the most famous kofun is the Daisen Kofun in Osaka, believed to be the tomb of Emperor Nintoku. It is one of the largest burial mounds in the world, even bigger than the Great Pyramid of Giza in Egypt.
2. Shapes and Structure
Kofun come in different shapes, but the most common one is the keyhole shape, which consists of a round section connected to a rectangular area. Other shapes include round, square, and octagonal mounds.
These tombs were often surrounded by moats and built using layers of earth and stone. Inside, they contained burial chambers with valuable items such as weapons, armor, jewelry, and clay figurines called haniwa.
3. Haniwa – The Mysterious Clay Figures
Haniwa are terracotta figurines placed around the kofun for protection and decoration. They come in various forms, including animals, houses, and human figures. Some believe they represented the spirits of the deceased, while others think they were used for rituals.
4. UNESCO World Heritage Sites
In 2019, a group of kofun in Osaka, including the Mozu-Furuichi Kofun Group, was designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. This recognition highlights their historical and cultural significance.
5. Visiting a Kofun
Many kofun are located in parks or historical sites, making them great places for sightseeing. While the tombs themselves are usually not accessible, visitors can enjoy walking around them, exploring museums, and learning about Japan’s ancient history.
Would you like more details on a specific kofun or how to access them? 😊
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